Using PSO and GA for Optimization of PID Parameters

Proportional-Integral-Derivate (PID) controllers are widely used in industry because of their remarkable efficiency, simple structure and robust performance for a wide range of applications. Parameters tuning (Kp,Ki,Kd) of PID controller is necessary to satisfy the operation of the system. But many tuning methods such as Ziegler-Nichols methods do not work so perfectly as it is expected. Such methods have many disadvantages such as lack of precision, long run time and lack of stability. Therefore, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) are applied to system in order to optimize the PID controller parameters and improve the performance of PID controller system. The simulation results show that the PSO method is more effective in improving the step response characteristics such as: overshoot, rise time and settling time.